Understanding Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD) in Pregnancy

spd in pregnancy
SPD in pregnancy

Understanding Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD) in Pregnancy

Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD) is a common yet under-discussed pregnancy condition that can cause significant discomfort. By fostering awareness and sharing practical strategies, individuals can manage their symptoms and seek appropriate care.

What Is Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction?

SPD affects the pubic symphysis, a joint at the front of the pelvis where the two sides meet. During pregnancy, the hormone relaxin softens the ligaments, allowing the pelvis to widen for childbirth. For some, this process leads to joint instability, causing pain and limited mobility.

Common Symptoms:

  • Pain in the front of the pelvis, lower back, or inner thighs.
  • Clicking or grinding sounds with movement.
  • Difficulty walking, climbing stairs, or turning in bed.

Causes:

  • Hormonal changes, particularly the release of relaxin.
  • Physical strain from carrying the growing baby.
  • Prior pelvic injuries or conditions like hypermobility​

Specialists Who Can Help

For residents in the Washington, DC, and Northern Virginia areas, several healthcare providers specialize in managing SPD:

  1. Physical Therapists: Experts in pelvic health can develop individualized treatment plans.

  2. Chiropractors: Adjustments can alleviate misalignment.

  3. Massage Therapists: Prenatal massage can reduce muscle tension contributing to pelvic discomfort.

  4. OB-GYNs/Midwives: For severe cases, they may provide additional support or pain management strategies.

Exercises, Tips, and Tricks for Managing SPD

Gentle Exercises

These exercises can strengthen and stabilize the pelvis without aggravating symptoms:

  • Pelvic Tilts: Rock the pelvis gently while lying on your back with knees bent.
  • Bridge Pose: Engage your glutes to lift the hips, stabilizing the pelvis.
  • Modified Child’s Pose: Stretch the lower back and hips in a comfortable position.

Check out some exercises here. 

Avoid high-impact exercises, single-leg activities, and deep squats

Everyday Tips

  • Use a pregnancy support belt, like the Belly Bandit.
  • Use a belly belt, like this one
  • Sleep position: Use a pillow between your knees to align the hips.
  • Avoid standing on one leg; sit down to dress or put on shoes.
  • For mobility, shorten your walking stride or consider swimming.

Managing Severe SPD Pain at Home

If SPD pain becomes severe, these strategies can provide relief:

  1. Rest Often: Alternate between activity and rest to avoid overexertion.

  2. Use Ice or Heat: Ice packs can reduce inflammation, while heat pads ease muscle tension.

  3. Adjust Daily Movements:

    • Roll to your side to get out of bed.
    • Avoid twisting at the waist; turn your whole body instead.
    • Go up stairs sideways or one step at a time.

  4. Mobility Aids: Consider crutches or a wheelchair for severe instability.

  5. Hydrotherapy: Swimming or light water aerobics can relieve pressure on the pelvis​

Products and Resources

When to Seek Professional Help

If pain limits your daily activities, seek medical advice promptly. In some cases, SPD can affect labor positions, so discuss options with your care team.

SPD can be challenging, but with the right support and adjustments, you can find relief and maintain a fulfilling pregnancy journey.